Valerian, Valeriana officinalis, is a perennial herb native to Europe and parts of Asia, with its cultivation and use dating back to classical antiquity. It was well known to the ancient Greeks and Romans, with Hippocrates and Galen both writing about its healing properties. By the Middle Ages it was widely grown in monastery gardens and later became a staple in apothecaries throughout Europe. The plant is easily recognised by its clusters of sweetly scented, pale pink to white flowers that appear in summer, held above tall stems that can reach over a metre in height. Its fern-like leaves give it an airy grace, making it both a useful and attractive plant in the garden.

Valerian has a long-standing reputation in herbal medicine, primarily for its calming effects on the nervous system. The root is the most valued part, traditionally harvested in autumn, and used in teas, tinctures and powders to aid sleep, reduce anxiety and relieve nervous tension. It has also been employed for headaches, digestive spasms and even as a mild pain reliever. During the Second World War, valerian was used in England to help calm civilians suffering from the stress of air raids. While scientific research continues to explore its active compounds, it remains one of the most popular herbal remedies for insomnia and restlessness.

How to grow:

Growing Valerian from seed is quite straightforward in Australia, though it requires a little patience. Seeds should be sown in trays or directly into prepared soil in spring or autumn, pressed gently onto the surface as they need light to germinate.

They usually sprout within two to three weeks if kept moist.

Valerian prefers a sunny or lightly shaded spot with rich, moist but well-drained soil. Once established, it is a hardy plant that will return each year, gradually forming clumps. The tall stems may need staking in exposed areas, and the flowers, while ornamental, can be cut to prevent excessive self-seeding.

Harvesting the roots should only be done after the second year of growth to ensure both size and potency.

Always consult a medical practitioner before embarking on any program. The information on this page is not diagnostic, therefore always consult a herbal practitioner or your GP in order to obtain a diagnosis. Never stop taking prescribed treatment without consulting your GP or a qualified herbal practitioner. Do not take without qualified medical advice.